Mastering A&P Neurophysiology Practice Test

The correct answer highlights the primary cell types found in the nervous system: neurons and glial cells. Neurons are the fundamental units of the nervous system responsible for processing and transmitting information through electrical and chemical signals. They play a critical role in communication within the body, enabling functions such as reflexes, thoughts, and the transmission of sensory information.

Glial cells, on the other hand, serve essential supportive roles in the nervous system. They provide structural support, protect neurons, and maintain homeostasis. Glial cells also facilitate the repair of nervous tissue, enhance the speed of signal transmission between neurons, and participate in the regulation of the brain's extracellular environment. There are various types of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells, each contributing to different aspects of nervous system health and function.

The other options include cell types that are either not exclusive or central to nervous system functions. Epithelial cells, for instance, are predominantly found in tissues that cover body surfaces and line cavities, and while endothelial cells are crucial in forming blood vessels, they do not play a primary role in neural functions. Fibroblasts are connective tissue cells involved in the production of the extracellular